Scientific Fertilization

The scientific application of organic fertilizers requires the appropriate selection of fertilizer types, application rates, and methods based on soil, crop, and environmental conditions. This approach achieves the goals of efficient and environmentally friendly fertilization while promoting green agricultural development.
1. Developing the Right Fertilization Plan
Select appropriate organic fertilizers based on crop requirements and soil conditions. Different types of organic fertilizers vary significantly in organic matter and nutrient content, as well as the rate at which nutrients are mineralized and released. Organic fertilizers primarily processed from crop straw have high organic matter content, low nutrient content, and slow nutrient release, making them suitable for soil improvement; organic fertilizers derived from livestock and poultry manure have low organic matter content but high nutrient content, making them suitable for supplying nutrients; Determine the type and application rate of organic fertilizer based on the crop’s nutrient requirements and soil fertility to avoid over- or under-application. Excessive application may lead to nutrient leaching and environmental pollution, while insufficient application will hinder crop growth.
2. Select Appropriate Fertilization Methods
Choose appropriate fertilization methods—including timing and application techniques—based on crop type and the needs of different growth stages. Base fertilizer is generally applied before sowing or transplanting, while top-dressing is applied at appropriate times according to the crop’s growth stage. Application methods may include broadcast application, banding, or hole application, combined with soil tillage to ensure even distribution of fertilizers.
3. Combining Organic and Chemical Fertilizers
Determine the appropriate ratio of organic to chemical fertilizers based on crop requirements and soil conditions. Although organic fertilizers contain a relatively complete range of nutrients, their concentrations are generally low, and they decompose slowly in the soil. When applied alone, they often cannot meet the high nutrient demands of crops during rapid growth, thereby affecting crop yield and quality. Therefore, chemical fertilizers should be applied in accordance with requirements when using organic fertilizers, and various foliar fertilizers should be applied during the crop growth period. The combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers allows them to complement each other’s strengths and weaknesses, maximizing their respective benefits.
4. Ensure Full Decomposition Before Application
Ensure that organic fertilizers have undergone thorough fermentation before application. During the fermentation process, the compost pile temperature must reach 60°C to 70°C and be maintained at this level for at least 20 days to ensure optimal fertilizer efficacy and the elimination of harmful organisms. Additionally, note that fully decomposed organic fertilizers should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers. Mixing them can cause ammonia volatilization, reducing the nutrient content of the organic fertilizer and leading to nutritional imbalances.